Investigation of the Relationship Between Lower Extremity Performance and Y-Balance Test According to Swimming Strokes in Competitive Swimmers

Gökhan TUNA

Abstract


The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between lower extremity performance and Y-Balance Test results according to swimming stroke in competitive swimmers. The study was designed as a cross-sectional, comparative, and correlational study. A total of 68 competitive swimmers participated in the study, including freestyle (n=17), backstroke (n=17), breaststroke (n=17), and butterfly (n=17) athletes. Participants’ age, height, body mass, and sports experience were recorded. Countermovement jump (CMJ) and reactive strength index (RSI) tests were used to assess lower extremity performance, while dynamic balance was evaluated using the Y-Balance Test. All measurements were obtained using the DeepSport artificial intelligence-supported motion analysis system.

The findings revealed significant differences in lower extremity performance and dynamic balance according to swimming stroke (p < .05). Butterfly and breaststroke swimmers demonstrated higher CMJ jump height, flight time, peak power, relative power, RSI, and Y-Balance Test scores compared with freestyle and backstroke swimmers. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were identified between CMJ, RSI, and Y-Balance Test variables across all stroke groups, ranging from moderate to strong levels (r = .49–.77, p < .05).

In conclusion, swimming strokes characterized by greater lower extremity propulsion, symmetrical movement patterns, and postural control appear to be associated with superior neuromuscular performance and dynamic balance. These findings support the importance of considering stroke-specific characteristics when designing dry-land training programs for competitive swimmers.

Keywords: Countermovement Jump, Lower Extremity Performance, Reactive Strength Index, Swimming, Y-Balance Test.

 


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.53016/jerp.v7i1.337

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